Nursing war

The War Nursing is one of the oldest health care professions. The emergency nursing work in the theater of war was intended to treat, predominantly, the military could still be of operational interest, by selecting the triage war. Ergo the military had been damaged or minor illnesses were (and still are) those who are operationally retrievable. Memories of the famous physician of Napoleon .

During the Middle Ages it was customary to use a stylus , called Mercy , just to give the blow of mercy towards the fighter still dying and now no longer recoverable.

Legal and Forensic Nursing

The nursing legal and forensics is a discipline in development that aims to establish the facts rise to criminal proceedings arising from nursing procedures implemented with imprudence, incompetence or failure to comply with laws and regulations. These investigations are aimed primarily at determining the causal link in the action necessary to relate the behavior of the suspect with the event.

The nurse's legal and forensic fields electives are also:
• the legal, theatrical industry in collaboration with the Medical Examiner ;
• the clinical risk management, for specific skills for drafting projects and consultancy in the design of nursing folders;

• care and management of victims of sexual violence or strupr, similar to what happens, for example, in Anglo-Saxon countries where the victim is followed in its path psychology, psychiatry, obstetrics, and judicial expert nurse team leader;
• and management assistance for victims of child abuse;
• care and management of alcohol addiction and drugs, in collaboration with physicians and institutional service charge;
• legal assistance and trade union colleagues, in collaboration with lawyers, associations, trade unions;
• education and health information, particularly to schools and the prevention of drug abuse.

The legal and forensic nurse training program provides university masters of 1 º and 2 º level, activated in several Italian universities, including using IT systems. In May 2009 she was born on Italy's first association for nurses, legal and forensic (AILF) .

The purpose dell'AILF are:
• represent my colleagues in institutional settings, so that this figure is recognized and valued in legislation and collective agreements;
• courts to recognize the figure of the Bar, with a specific register CTU;
• give support to students and to those who are interested in the field of forensic nursing;
• offer technical advice in legal and forensic colleagues;
• promote and specialize in the forensic context the figure of sexual violence, this figure in the world as the sole • professional responsible for the management of victims and the collection, preparation and preservation of evidence;
• bring together professionals in this new branch of nursing in Italy to exchange ideas, projects, experiences and professional growth;
• facilitate access to a vast archive of material, even from abroad, especially from the Anglo-Saxon countries.

Nursing Specialty / Pediatric

Specialty Nursing
The Dm 739/94 identifies five main areas of additional training nursing: public health, pediatrics, mental health / psychiatry, geriatrics, critical area.

Other specialties are also active, including:
• Legal and forensic nursing
• Nursing war
• Nursing in critical
• Geriatric Nursing in area
• Pediatric nursing area
• Nursing in nephrology and dialysis in Nursing
• In oncology nursing and palliative care in nursing

• Nursing in the operating room
• Nursing in mental health and psychiatric nursing
• Public Health Nursing
• Nurse case manager
• Nursing Management for the functions of coordination

Pediatric Nursing


Among the specialties in nursing is particularly important that the pediatric or the time to treatment and care of children. In Italy there are two different training courses for childcare: Master's degree in pediatric area (60 credits), for those who have already acquired a degree in nursing, or a degree course in pediatric nursing for a period of three years (180 CFU ) after which you acquired the title of pediatric nurse. The pediatric nurse can carry out its activities is in direct contact with patients and in other areas such as prevention and research, or in field management.

Nurse Professional activities

The nurses carry out their duties in hospitals , public or private health care, in ASL , in private practices, in each and the health services of home care , under the dependency or profession , contributing directly to retraining, to research and prevention.

The areas of operation in contact with the patient / client care processes follow a complex nature.
At diagnosis , the nurse is an active part in the collection of anamnesis, in establishing health conditions and carrying out blood tests or instrumental.

During the treatment, the presence of the nurse is directed to take charge of the assisted through the design of the care plan and proper execution of diagnostic and therapeutic activities. The presence of at least one professional is constant care unit for acute cases.

The presence of clinical nurse specialists, experts in possession of a master's degree in one of the specialties in nursing , provides advanced health care ( Advanced Practice Nursing ) delivered through a nursing advice or because of the constant presence, as in the case of intensive care.

In the process of recovery and rehabilitation, working within their own reality, the nurse often produces information material for the dismissal of the sick and provides education in the process of discharge.
Recently we have developed specialized branches defined post-acute or rehabilitation extensive, where the team sees the path of rehabilitation nursing staff to be the reference, while the doctor is involved as an external consultant.

Within the health care management for nursing coordination functions, the nurse is present at the departmental level, and / or business units as well as personnel management, he takes care of professional updates, monitoring and environmental monitoring. That of the nursing coordinator (former nurse) is an intermediary role between strategic leadership and business professionals, and then ring essential for the proper functioning of the entire system.

Nurses to carry out the functions it uses, where appropriate, through allocation of certain assets of the support staff know the status of OSS (acronym for social health operator). This step is remembered by both the reference standards of the nurse and social health than those relating to the operator. Also fall on the sick person responsible for the proper management of care.

Nurse Curriculum

Past
"Caring" was a task accomplished almost exclusively by the woman who since prehistoric times through the use of herbal medicines was trying to help the body to overcome the problems of health, nutrition, growth, psycho- physical.

In all cultures the world women have always been a figure close to the sufferer. in later centuries, the power of acquiring the woman-doctor meant that they were unjustly accused of witchcraft and the secrets passed to medical care - strictly men. The woman continued, but without the care decision making. was the charity that was exercised by the ladies, noble ladies, sisters, etc..

In the nineteenth century was made ​​by Florence Nightingale and his strong scientific and humanistic recognition of the role of ' care in the care of the sick and the management of all the health needs of the person. The nurses worked out Anglo-Saxon nursing theories that have revolutionized the approach to nursing care and enhanced with a body of knowledge to determine the landing training at universities.

From 1976 to become a nurse, then called "registered nurse" was simply a course of three years professional training program recognized by ' the European Union which could be accessed with a schooling of 10 years (two years of high school).

Since 1990 , is established, the "first level university degree in nursing."

Here is a brief transition period between the old and the new teaching and in 1992 is established the definitive transition to university education. Become a mandatory requirement for the diploma of secondary school second degree. The degree awarded after the course is a "university degree".

The Nurse course today

In 2001 , a university diploma in nursing has been transformed into three-year degree and is also provided for the master degree in nursing and midwifery.

So today the profession is subject to the attainment of a university degree (bachelor's degree in nursing), issued after a final examination qualifying value to the profession and its inclusion in the professional register . This license is valid throughout the national territory in accordance with European legislation on free movement of professionals. Are deemed valid licenses acquired before the current law (registered nurse, university degree in nursing).

The stages of the Nurse training

• Degree in nursing (3 years, 180 credits , the title "doctor of nursing")
• Degree (Specialist) in nursing and midwifery (2 years, 120 credits, the title "doctor of science degree in nursing and midwifery)
• PhD (3 years, the title "doctor of nursing research")
• Master Level I or Level II (1 year, 60 credits)

Nurse Philosophers

The science of nursing has been followed and led by various philosophers, including:
Florence Nightingale , he conceived of the need as the need to control environmental factors to ensure the health

• Hildegard E. Peaplu , has devised an interpersonal process where both the patient and the nurse have an equally important role in the interaction therapy, giving as much attention from the psychological aspect of patient

• Lydia Hall , said that the need of people skilled nursing care increases as decreases the need for medical care

• Virginia Henderson says that we must help the patient so that it becomes independent and understand the mechanisms that make it independent

• Dorothea Orem , said that the nurse should intervene only in situations where the patient does not know how to manage himself

• Faye Glenn Abdellah , is based on optimal maintenance of certain aspects and issues

• Joyce Travelbee , focuses his theory on the human relationship

• Jean Watson

• Evelyn Adam , based his theory on the preparation, implementation and evaluation of care plan.

Ernestine Wiedenbach , states that nursing actions should be characterized by solidarity, ability and understanding to a person in need of health care.

Florence Nightingale

Deeply Christian , and inspired by what she considered a divine call, tried several times since 7 February 1837 , in 1845 announced to the family wishes to be dedicated to the care of sick and destitute. The opposition of the family and especially his mother reveals a very strong and determined and his rebellion against the roles of wife and mother by the company attributed to the women of his condition. For fear that the marriage interfere with his vocation as a nurse , in 1851 the court rejected the years of Richard Monckton Milnes , politician and poet (then First Lord Houghton and his great supporter), always against the will of their mother tongue.

Florence Nightingale ( Florence , 12 May 1820 - London , 13 August 1910 ) was a nurse UK known as The Lady with the lantern. It is considered the founder of ' nursing modern, as was the first to apply the scientific method through the use of statistics. It is also important because it suggested an organization of field hospitals.

Florence Nightingale (Youth)

He was born into a wealthy family and an elite British bourgeoisie (his father was a pioneer of ' epidemiology , maternal grandfather was the ' abolitionist William Smith ) was named in honor of Florence Florence (Florence in English ), the city where was born at Villa Dovecote (for the same reason, the older sister, born in Naples, was called Parthenope). The family owned an estate in Derbyshire and normally resident in Buckinghamshire .

The nurses at the time were estimated just a profession, so that the army had treated the food. Despite not having a medical and nursing training in the Nightingale soon recognized the shortcomings of the nursing profession as it was practiced at the time. Back in December 1844 became the leading propagandist for the improvement of medical care in clinics of workhouses for the poor, gaining the support of Charles Villiers , the first president of the Poor Law Board was established in 1847 , and taking part in the general reform of the Poor Laws ( for Scotland in 1845, for the rest of the kingdom in 1847).

In 1847 she met Sidney Herbert , politician and former minister of defense (it will be again during the Crimean War ): their lasting friendship will be decisive for both her ​​experience in the Crimea and beyond, both for his political career, interrupted by premature death in 1861 .

In 1850 , in order to clarify ideas about their future, she wrote Suggestions for Thought to Searchers after Religious Truth, never published in his lifetime and only partially in 1928 thanks to Ray Strachey, is both a work of theology and feminism .

Soon after, in 1850 stayed for a period Kaiserswerth in Düsseldorf , a hospital run by a group of Lutheran deaconesses, and was very impressed by the high quality of medical care provided, and there he returned in 1851 for a period of training and to prepare publication of a report published anonymously (The Institution of Kaiserswerth on the Rhine, for the Practical Training of Deaconesses, etc.). Her father granted her an annual pension of £ 500 (40,000 € today), which allowed her to follow her vocation without financial worries.